The first thing that comes to mind when we think of technical translation are the issues related to the operation and use of devices or instruments, such as the translation of handbooks for the use of machines or tools, or those found in the packaging of a laptop or an electric heater.

Technical and scientific translation go hand in hand, since scientific texts are those disseminating theoretical knowledge, while technical texts are those applying this knowledge in the industry. That is why we also often talk about scientific-technical translation.

On the other hand, when translating technical texts a professional translator needs to keep the reader in mind, since, depending on their technical understanding, terms will be adjusted accordingly. On the other hand, we must not forget the difficulty behind terminology, since each technical field has a highly specialised glossary.

• Technical translation in each industry

Industrial translation is closely related to the engineering sector, which in turn is divided into many topics (agricultural, chemical, physical, biochemical, etc.). One of its requirements is that terminological accuracy must prevail, especially with regard to the naming of parts, processes, measurements, punctuation, etc.

Patent translations must use clear, concise and straightforward language. It should adhere closely to the original text so as not to distort its meaning.

• Technical translation in Marketing

Technical translation is also present in our day-to-day lives. For example, in the localization of fashion websites. It might seem that the language used is neither formal nor technical, but textile translation is a specialised field involving a specific terminology, intercultural differences and marketing.

• Technical translation in the current world

A special note must be likewise taken for the translation of products intended for human safety (personal protective equipment), the environmental industry (equipment intended to obtain renewable energies), or everyday usage devices (heaters, stoves, refrigerators, etc.), in which we can include the instruction handbooks for the general public.

However, when it comes to translating handbooks, there is a misconception. In fact, a handbook is only one type of text. Online tutorials and guides are also translated by technical translators.

The translation of handbooks entails short phrases and a text structured in steps. The language is direct and images are usually used since the objective is to facilitate a first contact between product and customer.

In the translation of tutorials a very direct and simple language is used and we will also find a text divided into steps. Topics are much more specific and a text or video platform can be used.

The translation of guides entails longer phrases loaded with more complex descriptions and with a more specialised language, since the reader has a better understanding of the product. Tables, images and graphs are used as support.

The translation of reference handbooks is featured by a much more extensive and exhaustive content, since the reader is considered an expert. The information does not consist of a certain order, as in handbooks, ̧ but cross-references are more present by means of hyperlinks.

• A technical translator´s profile

The ideal profile for this type of translation is one that has a translation training at the same time as a training on the specific topic of the text being translated. In some cases it becomes very hard to find a qualified translator with the expertise in a specific subject matter. An expert in the subject matter may be then hired for a thorough proofreading of the translation.

In order to translate technical texts we take into account the following:

• Good understanding of the context. It is necessary to take into account the reader of the text and what the purpose is so as to be able to deliver a quality translation.
• Sufficient documentation Without a doubt, this is a fundamental part of the translation process and it can save us from having to rectify and waste time.
• Be up to date. It is very important to be up to date with news and updates, especially within our field of expertise. Every day new terms appear in English for which there is almost no time to coin a term in Spanish.
• Mastering terminology. When we are faced with a translation of a device that has just been released, it is very likely that there are new terms that do not exist in our language. It is the translator, at that very moment, who is in charge of coining these terms.

In short, technical translation can be a minefield for a non-specialised translator. A poor understanding of terminology in the text in question can only lead to an inadequate translation strategy and, as a result, an inconsistent translation, which can also cause serious damages. For example, an inaccurate translation of a handbook to handle a gas-powered appliance.